@article {KNZ001951,
	title = {Climate affects plant-soil feedback of native and invasive grasses: negative feedbacks in stable but not in variable environments},
	journal = {Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2019},
	abstract = {<p>The plant-soil feedback framework allows researchers to target the interaction of plants and root-associated microbes and to determine its interplay on plant-plant interactions. Plant-soil feedbacks in terrestrial ecology are well-documented, but the strength and direction of feedbacks as influenced by abiotic environmental factors, such as temperature and soil moisture, has not been fully explored. In our study, we examined plant-soil feedback responses of both cool- and warm-season native and non-native grasses to elevated temperatures (ambient and +5\&deg;C) and soil moisture (100 and 75\% field capacity). In a previous experiment, grasses were grown under temperature and soil moisture conditions similar to our current study. The resultant trained soil communities served as the inoculum sources for our current experiment. We found that consistent training and experimental temperatures resulted in negative PSF, where plants produced greater biomass in soils conditioned by heterospecifics. However, the direction of PSF was reversed when training and experimental conditions were mismatched. That is, when training and experimental temperatures mirrored one another, negative PSF occurred, suggesting coexistence between the two species is likely under these conditions. However, when only training or testing temperatures were elevated, positive PSF were detected, favoring the non-native species. These alterations in plant-soil feedbacks were relatively consistent across pairings of warm- and cool-season grasses. Overall, our results indicate inconsistent year-to-year environmental conditions, such as extreme temperatures, may undermine the stabilizing forces of negative PSF and favor of non-native grasses.</p>},
	keywords = {LTER-KNZ},
	doi = {10.3389/fevo.2019.00419},
	url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2019.00419/full$\#$h6},
	author = {E.B. Duell and Zaiger, Katherine and Bever, James D. and G.T. Wilson}
}
@article {KNZ001771,
	title = {Above- and below-ground responses of native and invasive prairie grasses to future climate scenarios},
	journal = {Botany},
	volume = {94},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {471 - 479},
	abstract = {<p>More intense and frequent droughts, coupled with elevated temperatures, are projected for grasslands worldwide. Although it has been suggested that alterations in temperature and precipitation will increase the success of biological invasions, studies that combine these climate change scenarios are limited. These changes in climate may increase the success of non-native, invasive plant species directly, as these species often possess traits that are favored by variable climates, or indirectly through negative impacts on native vegetation or alterations in soil microbial communities, such as arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. The goal of our research was to assess above- and below-ground production and mycorrhizal fungal abundance of functionally similar native and invasive non-native grass species under projected climate-change scenarios. We assessed plant biomass, intra-radical AM root colonization, and relative abundance of extra-radical fungal biomass of two native (Schizachyrium scoparium (Michx.) Nash, Pascopyrum smithii (Rydb.) {\'A}.L{\"o}ve) and two invasive (Bothriochloa ischaemum (L.) Keng, Bromus inermis Leyss.) grass species subjected to increased temperature and decreased soil water availability. Regardless of temperature or soil moisture, the invasive grasses in our study displayed greater seedling growth as compared with paired native species. Invasive grasses were also generally characterized by greater intra-radical colonization by AM fungi, compared with native species. Our data suggest that invasive grasses will continue to be problematic and successfully out-compete native grasses following increased temperatures and reduced water availability, as projected by climate-change models.</p>},
	keywords = {LTER-KNZ, Bothriochloa ischaemum, Bromus imermis, Climate change, Invasive species, Pascopyrum smithii, Schizachyrium scoparium},
	doi = {10.1139/cjb-2015-0238},
	url = {http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/10.1139/cjb-2015-0238},
	author = {E.B. Duell and G.T. Wilson and Hickman, K.R.}
}
@mastersthesis {KNZ001769,
	title = {Elevated temperatures and drought favor invasive grasses over native species},
	volume = {MS Thesis},
	year = {2015},
	school = {Oklahoma State University},
	type = {M.S. Thesis},
	address = {Stillwater, OK},
	keywords = {LTER-KNZ},
	url = {https://shareok.org/handle/11244/45161},
	author = {E.B. Duell}
}
