@article {6238, title = {Compositional variation in grassland plant communities}, journal = {Ecosphere}, volume = {14}, year = {2023}, pages = {e4542}, keywords = {LTER-KNZ}, doi = {10.1002/ecs2.v14.610.1002/ecs2.4542}, url = {https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ecs2.4542}, author = {Bakker, Jonathan D. and Price, Jodi N. and Henning, Jeremiah A. and Batzer, Evan E. and Ohlert, Timothy J. and Wainwright, Claire E. and Adler, Peter B. and Alberti, Juan and Arnillas, Carlos Alberto and Biederman, Lori A. and Borer, Elizabeth T. and Brudvig, Lars A. and Buckley, Yvonne M. and Bugalho, Miguel N. and Cadotte, Marc W. and Caldeira, Maria C. and Catford, Jane A. and Chen, Qingqing and Crawley, Michael J. and Daleo, Pedro and Dickman, Chris R. and Donohue, Ian and DuPre, Mary Ellyn and Ebeling, Anne and Eisenhauer, Nico and Fay, Philip A. and Gruner, Daniel S. and Haider, Sylvia and Hautier, Yann and Jentsch, Anke and Kirkman, Kevin and Knops, Johannes M. H. and Lannes, Lu{\'\i}ola S. and MacDougall, Andrew S. and McCulley, Rebecca L. and Mitchell, Rachel M. and Moore, Joslin L. and Morgan, John W. and Mortensen, Brent and Olde Venterink, Harry and Peri, Pablo L. and Power, Sally A. and Prober, Suzanne M. and Roscher, Christiane and Sankaran, Mahesh and Seabloom, Eric W. and M. D. Smith and Stevens, Carly and Sullivan, Lauren L. and Tedder, Michelle and Veen, G. F. (Ciska) and Virtanen, Risto and Wardle, Glenda M.} } @article {6145, title = {Nutrient addition drives declines in grassland species richness primarily via enhanced species loss}, journal = {Journal of Ecology}, volume = {111}, year = {2023}, pages = {552-563}, keywords = {LTER-KNZ}, doi = {10.1111/1365-2745.14038}, url = {https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1365-2745.14038}, author = {Muehleisen, Andrew J. and Watkins, Carmen R. E. and Altmire, Gabriella R. and Shaw, E. Ashley and Case, Madelon F. and Aoyama, Lina and Brambila, Alejandro and Reed, Paul B. and LaForgia, Marina and Borer, Elizabeth T. and Seabloom, Eric W. and Bakker, Jonathan D. and Amillas, Carlos Alberto and Biederman, Lori and Chen, Qingqing and Cleland, Elsa E. and Fay, Philip A. and Hagenah, Nicole and Harpole, Stan and Hautier, Yann and Henning, Jeremiah A. and Knops, Johannes M. H. and Kimberly J. Komatsu and Ladouceur, Emma and MacDougall, Andrew and McCulley, Rebecca L. and Moore, Joslin L. and Ohlert, Tim and Power, Sally A. and Stevens, Carly J. and Wilfahrt, Peter and Hallett, Lauren M.} } @article {6240, title = {The synergistic response of primary production in grasslands to combined nitrogen and phosphorus addition is caused by increased nutrient uptake and retention}, journal = {Plant and Soil}, year = {2023}, keywords = {LTER-KNZ}, doi = {10.1007/s11104-023-06083-7}, url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11104-023-06083-7}, author = {V{\'a}zquez, Eduardo and Borer, Elizabeth T. and Bugalho, Miguel N. and Caldeira, Maria C. and McCulley, Rebecca L. and Risch, Anita C. and Seabloom, Eric W. and Wheeler, George R. and Spohn, Marie} } @article {6163, title = {Do trade-offs govern plant species{\textquoteright} responses to different global change treatments?}, journal = {Ecology}, volume = {103}, year = {2022}, pages = {e3626}, keywords = {LTER-KNZ}, issn = {0012-9658}, doi = {10.1002/ecy.3626}, url = {https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ecy.3626}, author = {Langley, J. Adam and Grman, Emily and K.R. Wilcox and M.L. Avolio and Kimberly J. Komatsu and Collins, Scott L. and Koerner, S.E. and M. D. Smith and Baldwin, Andrew H. and Bowman, William and Chiariello, Nona and Eskelinen, Anu and Harmens, Harry and Hovenden, Mark and Klanderud, Kari and McCulley, Rebecca L. and Onipchenko, Vladimir G. and Robinson, Clare H. and K.N. Suding} } @article {5968, title = {Determinants of community compositional change are equally affected by global change}, journal = {Ecology Letters}, volume = {24}, year = {2021}, pages = {1892-1904}, abstract = {

Global change is impacting plant community composition, but the mechanisms underlying these changes are unclear. Using a dataset of 58 global change experiments, we tested the five fundamental mechanisms of community change: changes in evenness and richness, reordering, species gains and losses. We found 71\% of communities were impacted by global change treatments, and 88\% of communities that were exposed to two or more global change drivers were impacted. Further, all mechanisms of change were equally likely to be affected by global change treatments\—species losses and changes in richness were just as common as species gains and reordering. We also found no evidence of a progression of community changes, for example, reordering and changes in evenness did not precede species gains and losses. We demonstrate that all processes underlying plant community composition changes are equally affected by treatments and often occur simultaneously, necessitating a wholistic approach to quantifying community changes.

}, keywords = {LTER-KNZ}, doi = {10.1111/ele.13824}, url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ele.13824}, author = {M.L. Avolio and Kimberly J. Komatsu and S.L Collins and Grman, Emily and Koerner, S.E. and Tredennick, A.T. and Wilcox, K.R. and Baer, S.G. and E.H. Boughton and Britton, Andrea J. and Foster, Bryan and Gough, Laura and Hovenden, Mark and Isbell, Forest and Jentsch, Anke and Johnson, David S. and Knapp, Alan K. and Kreyling, Juergen and Langley, J. Adam and Lortie, Christopher and McCulley, Rebecca L. and McLaren, Jennie R. and Reich, Peter B. and Seabloom, Eric W. and Smith, Melinda D. and Suding, Katharine N. and Suttle, K. Blake and Tognetti, Pedro M.}, editor = {Anderson, Marti} } @article {5970, title = {Negative effects of nitrogen override positive effects of phosphorus on grassland legumes worldwide}, journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences}, volume = {118}, year = {2021}, pages = {e2023718118}, keywords = {LTER-KNZ}, doi = {10.1073/pnas.2023718118}, url = {http://www.pnas.org/lookup/doi/10.1073/pnas.2023718118}, author = {Tognetti, Pedro M. and Prober, Suzanne M. and B{\'a}ez, Selene and Chaneton, Enrique J. and Firn, Jennifer and Risch, Anita C. and Schuetz, Martin and Simonsen, Anna K. and Yahdjian, Laura and Borer, Elizabeth T. and Seabloom, Eric W. and Arnillas, Carlos Alberto and Bakker, Jonathan D. and Brown, Cynthia S. and Cadotte, Marc W. and Caldeira, Maria C. and Daleo, Pedro and Dwyer, John M. and Fay, Philip A. and Gherardi, Laureano A. and Hagenah, Nicole and Hautier, Yann and Kimberly J. Komatsu and McCulley, Rebecca L. and Price, Jodi N. and Standish, Rachel J. and Stevens, Carly J. and Wragg, Peter D. and Sankaran, Mahesh} } @article {6115, title = {Temporal rarity is a better predictor of local extinction risk than spatial rarity}, journal = {Ecology}, volume = {102}, year = {2021}, keywords = {LTER-KNZ}, doi = {10.1002/ecy.3504}, url = {https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ecy.3504}, author = {Wilfahrt, Peter A. and Asmus, Ashley L. and Seabloom, Eric W. and Henning, Jeremiah A. and Adler, Peter and Arnillas, Carlos A. and Bakker, Jonathan D. and Biederman, Lori and Brudvig, Lars A. and Cadotte, Marc and Daleo, Pedro and Eskelinen, Anu and Firn, Jennifer and Harpole, W. Stanley and Hautier, Yann and Kirkman, K.P. and Kimberly J. Komatsu and Laungani, Ramesh and MacDougall, Andrew and McCulley, Rebecca L. and Moore, Joslin L. and Morgan, John W. and Mortensen, Brent and Ochoa Hueso, Raul and Ohlert, Timothy and Power, Sally A. and Price, Jodi and Risch, Anita C. and Schuetz, Martin and Shoemaker, Lauren and Stevens, Carly and Strauss, Alexander T. and Tognetti, Pedro M. and Virtanen, Risto and Borer, Elizabeth T.} } @article {KNZ002029, title = {Global impacts of fertilization and herbivore removal on soil net nitrogen mineralization are modulated by local climate and soil properties}, journal = {Global Change Biology}, volume = {26}, year = {2020}, abstract = {

Soil nitrogen (N) availability is critical for grassland functioning. However, human activities have increased the supply of biologically limiting nutrients, and changed the density and identity of mammalian herbivores. These anthropogenic changes may alter net soil N mineralization (soil net Nmin), that is, the net balance between N mineralization and immobilization, which could severely impact grassland structure and functioning. Yet, to date, little is known about how fertilization and herbivore removal individually, or jointly, affect soil net Nmin across a wide range of grasslands that vary in soil and climatic properties. Here we collected data from 22 grasslands on five continents, all part of a globally replicated experiment, to assess how fertilization and herbivore removal affected potential (laboratory-based) and realized (field-based) soil net Nmin. Herbivore removal in the absence of fertilization did not alter potential and realized soil net Nmin. However, fertilization alone and in combination with herbivore removal consistently increased potential soil net Nmin. Realized soil net Nmin, in contrast, significantly decreased in fertilized plots where herbivores were removed. Treatment effects on potential and realized soil net Nmin were contingent on site-specific soil and climatic properties. Fertilization effects on potential soil net Nmin were larger at sites with higher mean annual precipitation (MAP) and temperature of the wettest quarter (T.q.wet). Reciprocally, realized soil net Nmin declined most strongly with fertilization and herbivore removal at sites with lower MAP and higher T.q.wet. In summary, our findings show that anthropogenic nutrient enrichment, herbivore exclusion and alterations in future climatic conditions can negatively impact soil net Nmin across global grasslands under realistic field conditions. This is an important context-dependent knowledge for grassland management worldwide.

}, keywords = {LTER-KNZ}, doi = {10.1111/gcb.15308}, url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/gcb.15308}, author = {Risch, Anita C. and Zimmermann, Stefan and Moser, Barbara and Sch{\"u}tz, Martin and Hagedorn, Frank and Firn, Jennifer and Fay, Philip A. and Adler, Peter B. and Biederman, Lori A. and J. M. Blair and Borer, Elizabeth T. and Broadbent, Arthur A. D. and Brown, Cynthia S. and Cadotte, Marc W. and Caldeira, Maria C. and Davies, Kendi F. and Virgilio, Augustina and Eisenhauer, Nico and Eskelinen, Anu and Knops, Johannes M. H. and MacDougall, Andrew S. and McCulley, Rebecca L. and Melbourne, Brett A. and Moore, Joslin L. and Power, Sally A. and Prober, Suzanne M. and Seabloom, Eric W. and Siebert, Julia and Silveira, Maria L. and Speziale, Karina L. and Stevens, Carly J. and Tognetti, Pedro M. and Virtanen, Risto and Yahdjian, Laura and Ochoa-Hueso, Raul} } @article {KNZ001945, title = {Belowground biomass response to nutrient enrichment depends on light limitation across globally distributed grasslands}, journal = {Ecosystems}, volume = {22}, year = {2019}, pages = {1466{\textendash}1477}, abstract = {

Anthropogenic activities are increasing nutrient inputs to ecosystems worldwide, with consequences for global carbon and nutrient cycles. Recent meta-analyses show that aboveground primary production is often co-limited by multiple nutrients; however, little is known about how root production responds to changes in nutrient availability. At twenty-nine grassland sites on four continents, we quantified shallow root biomass responses to nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium plus micronutrient enrichment and compared below- and aboveground responses. We hypothesized that optimal allocation theory would predict context dependence in root biomass responses to nutrient enrichment, given variation among sites in the resources limiting to plant growth (specifically light versus nutrients). Consistent with the predictions of optimal allocation theory, the proportion of total biomass belowground declined with N or P addition, due to increased biomass aboveground (for N and P) and decreased biomass belowground (N, particularly in sites with low canopy light penetration). Absolute root biomass increased with N addition where light was abundant at the soil surface, but declined in sites where the grassland canopy intercepted a large proportion of incoming light. These results demonstrate that belowground responses to changes in resource supply can differ strongly from aboveground responses, which could significantly modify predictions of future rates of nutrient cycling and carbon sequestration. Our results also highlight how optimal allocation theory developed for individual plants may help predict belowground biomass responses to nutrient enrichment at the ecosystem scale across wide climatic and environmental gradients.

}, keywords = {LTER-KNZ, belowground biomass, Fertilization, nitrogen, Nutrient Network, optimal allocation, phosphorus roots}, doi = {10.1007/s10021-019-00350-4}, url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007\%2Fs10021-019-00350-4}, author = {Cleland, Elsa E. and Lind, Eric M. and DeCrappeo, Nicole M. and DeLorenze, Elizabeth and Wilkins, Rachel Abbott and P. Adler and Bakker, Jonathan D. and Brown, Cynthia S. and Davies, Kendi F. and Esch, Ellen and Firn, Jennifer and Gressard, Scott and Gruner, Daniel S. and Hagenah, Nicole and Harpole, W. Stanley and Hautier, Yann and Hobbie, Sarah E. and Hofmockel, Kirsten S. and Kirkman, Kevin and Knops, Johannes and Kopp, Christopher W. and Kimberly J. La Pierre and MacDougall, Andrew and McCulley, Rebecca L. and Melbourne, Brett A. and Joslin L. Moore and Prober, Suzanne M. and Riggs, Charlotte and Risch, Anita C. and Schuetz, Martin and Stevens, Carly and Wragg, Peter D. and Wright, Justin and E.T. Borer and Seabloom, Eric W.} } @article {KNZ001958, title = {Effects of nutrient supply, herbivory, and host community on fungal endophyte diversity}, journal = {Ecology}, volume = {100}, year = {2019}, pages = {e02758}, abstract = {

The microbes contained within free-living organisms can alter host growth, reproduction, and interactions with the environment. In turn, processes occurring at larger scales determine the local biotic and abiotic environment of each host that may affect the diversity and composition of the microbiome community. Here, we examine variation in the diversity and composition of the foliar fungal microbiome in the grass host, Andropogon gerardii, across four mesic prairies in the central United States. Composition of fungal endophyte communities differed among sites and among individuals within a site, but was not consistently affected by experimental manipulation of nutrient supply to hosts (A. gerardii) or herbivore reduction via fencing. In contrast, mean fungal diversity was similar among sites but was limited by total plant biomass at the plot scale. Our work demonstrates that distributed experiments motivated by ecological theory are a powerful tool to unravel the multiscale processes governing microbial community composition and diversity.

}, keywords = {LTER-KNZ}, doi = {10.1002/ecy.2758}, url = {https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/ecy.2758}, author = {Seabloom, Eric W. and Condon, Bradford and Kinkel, Linda and Kimberly J. Komatsu and Lumibao, Candice Y. and May, Georgiana and McCulley, Rebecca L. and E.T. Borer} } @article {KNZ001894, title = {Local loss and spatial homogenization of plant diversity reduce ecosystem multifunctionality}, journal = {Nature Ecology \& Evolution}, volume = {2}, year = {2018}, pages = {50-56}, abstract = {

Biodiversity is declining in many local communities while also becoming increasingly homogenized across space. Experiments show that local plant species loss reduces ecosystem functioning and services, but the role of spatial homogenization of community composition and the potential interaction between diversity at different scales in maintaining ecosystem functioning remains unclear, especially when many functions are considered (ecosystem multifunctionality). We present an analysis of eight ecosystem functions measured in 65 grasslands worldwide. We find that more diverse grasslands\—those with both species-rich local communities (α-diversity) and large compositional differences among localities (β-diversity)\—had higher levels of multifunctionality. Moreover, α- and β-diversity synergistically affected multifunctionality, with higher levels of diversity at one scale amplifying the contribution to ecological functions at the other scale. The identity of species influencing ecosystem functioning differed among functions and across local communities, explaining why more diverse grasslands maintained greater functionality when more functions and localities were considered. These results were robust to variation in environmental drivers. Our findings reveal that plant diversity, at both local and landscape scales, contributes to the maintenance of multiple ecosystem services provided by grasslands. Preserving ecosystem functioning therefore requires conservation of biodiversity both within and among ecological communities.

}, keywords = {LTER-KNZ}, doi = {10.1038/s41559-017-0395-0}, url = {http://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-017-0395-0}, author = {Hautier, Yann and Isbell, Forest and E.T. Borer and Seabloom, Eric W. and Harpole, W. Stanley and Lind, Eric M. and MacDougall, Andrew S. and Stevens, Carly J. and P. Adler and J. Alberti and Bakker, Jonathan D. and Brudvig, Lars A. and Buckley, Yvonne M. and Cadotte, Marc and Caldeira, Maria C. and Chaneton, Enrique J. and Chu, Chengjin and Daleo, Pedro and Dickman, Christopher R. and Dwyer, John M. and Eskelinen, Anu and Fay, Philip A. and Firn, Jennifer and Hagenah, Nicole and Hillebrand, Helmut and Iribarne, Oscar and Kirkman, Kevin P. and Knops, Johannes M. H. and Kimberly J. La Pierre and McCulley, Rebecca L. and J.W. Morgan and P{\"a}rtel, Meelis and Pascual, Jesus and Price, Jodi N. and Prober, Suzanne M. and Risch, Anita C. and Sankaran, Mahesh and Schuetz, Martin and Standish, Rachel J. and Virtanen, Risto and Wardle, Glenda M. and Yahdjian, Laura and Hector, Andy} } @article {KNZ001882, title = {Spatial heterogeneity in species composition constrains plant community responses to herbivory and fertilisation}, journal = {Ecology Letters}, volume = {21}, year = {2018}, pages = {1364 -1371}, abstract = {

Environmental change can result in substantial shifts in community composition. The associated immigration and extinction events are likely constrained by the spatial distribution of species. Still, studies on environmental change typically quantify biotic responses at single spatial (time series within a single plot) or temporal (spatial beta diversity at single time points) scales, ignoring their potential interdependence. Here, we use data from a global network of grassland experiments to determine how turnover responses to two major forms of environmental change \– fertilisation and herbivore loss \– are affected by species pool size and spatial compositional heterogeneity. Fertilisation led to higher rates of local extinction, whereas turnover in herbivore exclusion plots was driven by species replacement. Overall, sites with more spatially heterogeneous composition showed significantly higher rates of annual turnover, independent of species pool size and treatment. Taking into account spatial biodiversity aspects will therefore improve our understanding of consequences of global and anthropogenic change on community dynamics.

}, keywords = {LTER-KNZ}, doi = {10.1111/ele.13102}, url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/ele.13102}, author = {Hodapp, Dorothee and E.T. Borer and Harpole, W. Stanley and Lind, Eric M. and Seabloom, Eric W. and P. Adler and J. Alberti and Arnillas, Carlos A. and J.D. Bakker and L.A. Biederman and Cadotte, Marc and Cleland, Elsa E. and Scott. L. Collins and Fay, Philip A. and Firn, Jennifer and Hagenah, Nicole and Hautier, Yann and Iribarne, Oscar and Knops, Johannes M. H. and McCulley, Rebecca L. and MacDougall, Andrew and Joslin L. Moore and J.W. Morgan and Mortensen, Brent and Kimberly J. La Pierre and Risch, Anita C. and Sch{\"u}tz, Martin and Peri, Pablo and Stevens, Carly J. and Wright, Justin and Hillebrand, Helmut}, editor = {Gurevitch, Jessica} }