@article {KNZ001632,
	title = {Eutrophication weakens stabilizing effects of diversity in natural grasslands},
	journal = {Nature},
	volume = {508},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {521 -525},
	abstract = {<p>Studies of experimental grassland communities1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 have demonstrated that plant diversity can stabilize productivity through species asynchrony, in which decreases in the biomass of some species are compensated for by increases in others1, 2. However, it remains unknown whether these findings are relevant to natural ecosystems, especially those for which species diversity is threatened by anthropogenic global change8, 9, 10, 11. Here we analyse diversity\&ndash;stability relationships from 41 grasslands on five continents and examine how these relationships are affected by chronic fertilization, one of the strongest drivers of species loss globally8. Unmanipulated communities with more species had greater species asynchrony, resulting in more stable biomass production, generalizing a result from biodiversity experiments to real-world grasslands. However, fertilization weakened the positive effect of diversity on stability. Contrary to expectations, this was not due to species loss after eutrophication but rather to an increase in the temporal variation of productivity in combination with a decrease in species asynchrony in diverse communities. Our results demonstrate separate and synergistic effects of diversity and eutrophication on stability, emphasizing the need to understand how drivers of global change interactively affect the reliable provisioning of ecosystem services in real-world systems.</p>},
	keywords = {LTER-KNZ, Biodiversity, Community ecology, Grassland ecology},
	doi = {10.1038/nature13014},
	url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/nature13014},
	author = {Hautier, Y. and Seabloom, E.W. and E.T. Borer and P. Adler and Harpole, W.S. and Hillebrand, H. and Lind, E.M. and MacDougall, A.S. and Stevens, C.J. and J.D. Bakker and Buckley, Y.M. and Chu, C. and Scott. L. Collins and Daleo, P. and Damschen, E.I. and Davies, K.F. and Fay, P.A. and Firn, J. and Gruner, D.S. and Jin, V.L. and Klein, J.A. and Knops, J.M.H. and Kimberly J. La Pierre and Li, W. and McCulley, R.L. and Melbourne, B.A. and Joslin L. Moore and O{\textquoteright}Halloran, L.R. and Prober, S.M. and A. Risch and Sankaran, M. and Schuetz, M. and Hector, A.}
}
@article {KNZ001488,
	title = {Global diversity of drought tolerance and grassland climate-change resilience},
	journal = {Nature Climate Change},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2013},
	pages = {63 -67},
	abstract = {<p>Drought reduces plant productivity, induces widespread plant mortality and limits the geographic distribution of plant species1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. As climates warm and precipitation patterns shift in the future8, 9, understanding the distribution of the diversity of plant drought tolerance is central to predicting future ecosystem function and resilience to climate change10, 11, 12. These questions are especially pressing for the world\&rsquo;s 11,000 grass species13, which dominate a large fraction of the terrestrial biosphere14, yet are poorly characterized with respect to responses to drought. Here, we show that physiological drought tolerance, which varied tenfold among 426 grass species, is well distributed both climatically and phylogenetically, suggesting most native grasslands are likely to contain a high diversity of drought tolerance. Consequently, local species may help maintain ecosystem functioning in response to changing drought regimes without requiring long-distance migrations of grass species. Furthermore, physiologically drought-tolerant species had higher rates of water and carbon dioxide exchange than intolerant species, indicating that severe droughts may generate legacies for ecosystem functioning. In all, our findings suggest that diverse grasslands throughout the globe have the potential to be resilient to drought in the face of climate change through the local expansion of drought-tolerant species.</p>},
	keywords = {LTER-KNZ, Climate-change ecology, Drought, Grassland ecology},
	doi = {10.1038/nclimate1634},
	url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/nclimate1634},
	author = {Craine, J.M. and Ocheltree, T.W. and Jesse B. Nippert and Towne, E.G. and Skibbe, A.M. and Kembel, S.W. and Fargione, J.E.}
}
@article {KNZ001106,
	title = {Sustainable management of insect herbivores in grassland ecosystems: new perspectives in grasshopper control},
	journal = {BioScience},
	volume = {56},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {743 -755},
	abstract = {Grasshoppers are insect herbivores common to grassland ecosystems worldwide. They comprise important components of biodiversity, contribute significantly to grassland function, and periodically exhibit both local and large-scale outbreaks. Because of grasshoppers{\textquoteright} potential economic importance as competitors with ungulate grazers for rangeland forage, periodic grasshopper outbreaks in western US rangeland often elicit intervention over large areas in the form of chemical control. Available information combined with alternative underlying conceptual frameworks suggests that new approaches for sustainable management of grasshopper outbreaks in US rangeland should be pursued. There are many reasons to believe that approaches to grasshopper management that aim to reduce or prevent outbreaks are possible. These habitat manipulation tactics maintain existing ecological feedbacks responsible for sustaining populations at economically nonthreatening levels. Sustainable strategies to minimize the likelihood and extent of grasshopper outbreaks while limiting the need for chemical intervention are a rational and attainable goal for managing grasslands as renewable resources.},
	keywords = {LTER-KNZ, Grassland ecology, habitat manipulation, insect population dynamics, prevention of grasshopper outbreaks, sustainable pest management},
	doi = {10.1641/0006-3568(2006)56[743:SMOIHI]2.0.CO;2},
	author = {Branson, D.H. and Anthony Joern and Sword, G.A.}
}
