01841nas a2200613 4500008004100000245010200041210006900143300001400212490000700226100002000233700002200253700002400275700002000299700002100319700001800340700003000358700002500388700002300413700002300436700002500459700002200484700002200506700001900528700002300547700002900570700001700599700001600616700001800632700002100650700002000671700002000691700001800711700001800729700003300747700002600780700002300806700002300829700002200852700002100874700002000895700001400915700001800929700002100947700002400968700001900992700002301011700002301034700002401057700002001081700002301101700002401124700002101148856005801169 2022 eng d00aLinking changes in species composition and biomass in a globally distributed grassland experiment0 aLinking changes in species composition and biomass in a globally a2699-27120 v251 aLadouceur, Emma1 aBlowes, Shane, A.1 aChase, Jonathan, M.1 aClark, Adam, T.1 aGarbowski, Magda1 aAlberti, Juan1 aArnillas, Carlos, Alberto1 aBakker, Jonathan, D.1 aBarrio, Isabel, C.1 aBharath, Siddharth1 aBorer, Elizabeth, T.1 aBrudvig, Lars, A.1 aCadotte, Marc, W.1 aChen, Qingqing1 aCollins, Scott, L.1 aDickman, Christopher, R.1 aDonohue, Ian1 aDu, Guozhen1 aEbeling, Anne1 aEisenhauer, Nico1 aFay, Philip, A.1 aHagenah, Nicole1 aHautier, Yann1 aJentsch, Anke1 aJónsdóttir, Ingibjörg, S.1 aKomatsu, Kimberly, J.1 aMacDougall, Andrew1 aMartina, Jason, P.1 aMoore, Joslin, L.1 aMorgan, John, W.1 aPeri, Pablo, L.1 aPower, A.1 aRen, Zhengwei1 aRisch, Anita, C.1 aRoscher, Christiane1 aSchuchardt, A.1 aSeabloom, Eric, W.1 aStevens, Carly, J.1 aVeen, G.F., (Ciska)1 aVirtanen, Risto1 aWardle, Glenda, M.1 aWilfahrt, Peter, A.1 aHarpole, Stanley uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ele.1412601536nas a2200505 4500008004100000245008700041210006900128490000800197100002400205700002200229700002300251700002600274700001700300700002500317700002500342700002000367700002200387700001800409700001700427700001900444700001900463700002100482700001800503700001800521700002600539700002100565700002300586700002600609700002200635700002100657700002100678700002300699700002000722700002100742700001600763700002100779700002000800700002200820700001900842700002700861700002400888700002000912700002500932856007300957 2021 eng d00aTemporal rarity is a better predictor of local extinction risk than spatial rarity0 aTemporal rarity is a better predictor of local extinction risk t0 v1021 aWilfahrt, Peter, A.1 aAsmus, Ashley, L.1 aSeabloom, Eric, W.1 aHenning, Jeremiah, A.1 aAdler, Peter1 aArnillas, Carlos, A.1 aBakker, Jonathan, D.1 aBiederman, Lori1 aBrudvig, Lars, A.1 aCadotte, Marc1 aDaleo, Pedro1 aEskelinen, Anu1 aFirn, Jennifer1 aHarpole, Stanley1 aHautier, Yann1 aKirkman, K.P.1 aKomatsu, Kimberly, J.1 aLaungani, Ramesh1 aMacDougall, Andrew1 aMcCulley, Rebecca, L.1 aMoore, Joslin, L.1 aMorgan, John, W.1 aMortensen, Brent1 aHueso, Raul, Ochoa1 aOhlert, Timothy1 aPower, Sally, A.1 aPrice, Jodi1 aRisch, Anita, C.1 aSchuetz, Martin1 aShoemaker, Lauren1 aStevens, Carly1 aStrauss, Alexander, T.1 aTognetti, Pedro, M.1 aVirtanen, Risto1 aBorer, Elizabeth, T. uhttps://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ecy.350403564nas a2200601 4500008004100000245012300041210006900164300001600233490000700249520175600256653002402012653001802036653001302054653002102067653002302088653002102111100002202132700001902154700002602173700002502199700002802224700001402252700002502266700002302291700002202314700001602336700001902352700002002371700002302391700002002414700002102434700001802455700002202473700002702495700001902522700002002541700002602561700002802587700002302615700002602638700002502664700002202689700002402711700002102735700002102756700002002777700001902797700002102816700001902837700001602856700002302872856006702895 2019 eng d00aBelowground biomass response to nutrient enrichment depends on light limitation across globally distributed grasslands0 aBelowground biomass response to nutrient enrichment depends on l a1466–14770 v223 a
Anthropogenic activities are increasing nutrient inputs to ecosystems worldwide, with consequences for global carbon and nutrient cycles. Recent meta-analyses show that aboveground primary production is often co-limited by multiple nutrients; however, little is known about how root production responds to changes in nutrient availability. At twenty-nine grassland sites on four continents, we quantified shallow root biomass responses to nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium plus micronutrient enrichment and compared below- and aboveground responses. We hypothesized that optimal allocation theory would predict context dependence in root biomass responses to nutrient enrichment, given variation among sites in the resources limiting to plant growth (specifically light versus nutrients). Consistent with the predictions of optimal allocation theory, the proportion of total biomass belowground declined with N or P addition, due to increased biomass aboveground (for N and P) and decreased biomass belowground (N, particularly in sites with low canopy light penetration). Absolute root biomass increased with N addition where light was abundant at the soil surface, but declined in sites where the grassland canopy intercepted a large proportion of incoming light. These results demonstrate that belowground responses to changes in resource supply can differ strongly from aboveground responses, which could significantly modify predictions of future rates of nutrient cycling and carbon sequestration. Our results also highlight how optimal allocation theory developed for individual plants may help predict belowground biomass responses to nutrient enrichment at the ecosystem scale across wide climatic and environmental gradients.
10abelowground biomass10aFertilization10anitrogen10aNutrient Network10aoptimal allocation10aphosphorus roots1 aCleland, Elsa, E.1 aLind, Eric, M.1 aDeCrappeo, Nicole, M.1 aDeLorenze, Elizabeth1 aWilkins, Rachel, Abbott1 aAdler, P.1 aBakker, Jonathan, D.1 aBrown, Cynthia, S.1 aDavies, Kendi, F.1 aEsch, Ellen1 aFirn, Jennifer1 aGressard, Scott1 aGruner, Daniel, S.1 aHagenah, Nicole1 aHarpole, Stanley1 aHautier, Yann1 aHobbie, Sarah, E.1 aHofmockel, Kirsten, S.1 aKirkman, Kevin1 aKnops, Johannes1 aKopp, Christopher, W.1 aLa Pierre, Kimberly, J.1 aMacDougall, Andrew1 aMcCulley, Rebecca, L.1 aMelbourne, Brett, A.1 aMoore, Joslin, L.1 aProber, Suzanne, M.1 aRiggs, Charlotte1 aRisch, Anita, C.1 aSchuetz, Martin1 aStevens, Carly1 aWragg, Peter, D.1 aWright, Justin1 aBorer, E.T.1 aSeabloom, Eric, W. uhttps://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10021-019-00350-403385nas a2200625 4500008004100000245009700041210006900138300001000207490000600217520157200223100001801795700001901813700001601832700002301848700002101871700001901892700002701911700002301938700001401961700001601975700002501991700002202016700002402038700001802062700002402080700002602104700001802130700001702148700002902165700002002194700001902214700002002233700001902253700002002272700002302292700002002315700002302335700002702358700002802385700002602413700001702439700002002456700001902476700002002495700002402515700002102539700002102560700002002581700002502601700002002626700002302646700002002669700001702689856005302706 2018 eng d00aLocal loss and spatial homogenization of plant diversity reduce ecosystem multifunctionality0 aLocal loss and spatial homogenization of plant diversity reduce a50-560 v23 aBiodiversity is declining in many local communities while also becoming increasingly homogenized across space. Experiments show that local plant species loss reduces ecosystem functioning and services, but the role of spatial homogenization of community composition and the potential interaction between diversity at different scales in maintaining ecosystem functioning remains unclear, especially when many functions are considered (ecosystem multifunctionality). We present an analysis of eight ecosystem functions measured in 65 grasslands worldwide. We find that more diverse grasslands—those with both species-rich local communities (α-diversity) and large compositional differences among localities (β-diversity)—had higher levels of multifunctionality. Moreover, α- and β-diversity synergistically affected multifunctionality, with higher levels of diversity at one scale amplifying the contribution to ecological functions at the other scale. The identity of species influencing ecosystem functioning differed among functions and across local communities, explaining why more diverse grasslands maintained greater functionality when more functions and localities were considered. These results were robust to variation in environmental drivers. Our findings reveal that plant diversity, at both local and landscape scales, contributes to the maintenance of multiple ecosystem services provided by grasslands. Preserving ecosystem functioning therefore requires conservation of biodiversity both within and among ecological communities.
1 aHautier, Yann1 aIsbell, Forest1 aBorer, E.T.1 aSeabloom, Eric, W.1 aHarpole, Stanley1 aLind, Eric, M.1 aMacDougall, Andrew, S.1 aStevens, Carly, J.1 aAdler, P.1 aAlberti, J.1 aBakker, Jonathan, D.1 aBrudvig, Lars, A.1 aBuckley, Yvonne, M.1 aCadotte, Marc1 aCaldeira, Maria, C.1 aChaneton, Enrique, J.1 aChu, Chengjin1 aDaleo, Pedro1 aDickman, Christopher, R.1 aDwyer, John, M.1 aEskelinen, Anu1 aFay, Philip, A.1 aFirn, Jennifer1 aHagenah, Nicole1 aHillebrand, Helmut1 aIribarne, Oscar1 aKirkman, Kevin, P.1 aKnops, Johannes, M. H.1 aLa Pierre, Kimberly, J.1 aMcCulley, Rebecca, L.1 aMorgan, J.W.1 aPärtel, Meelis1 aPascual, Jesus1 aPrice, Jodi, N.1 aProber, Suzanne, M.1 aRisch, Anita, C.1 aSankaran, Mahesh1 aSchuetz, Martin1 aStandish, Rachel, J.1 aVirtanen, Risto1 aWardle, Glenda, M.1 aYahdjian, Laura1 aHector, Andy uhttp://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-017-0395-002638nas a2200493 4500008004100000245011700041210006900158300001500227490000700242520117100249100002101420700001601441700002101457700001901478700002301497700001401520700001601534700002501550700001701575700002001592700001801612700002201630700002401652700002001676700001901696700002001715700001801735700002001753700002701773700002601800700002301826700002201849700001701871700002101888700002801909700002101937700002001958700001601978700002301994700001902017700002302036700002302059856006202082 2018 eng d00aSpatial heterogeneity in species composition constrains plant community responses to herbivory and fertilisation0 aSpatial heterogeneity in species composition constrains plant co a1364 -13710 v213 aEnvironmental change can result in substantial shifts in community composition. The associated immigration and extinction events are likely constrained by the spatial distribution of species. Still, studies on environmental change typically quantify biotic responses at single spatial (time series within a single plot) or temporal (spatial beta diversity at single time points) scales, ignoring their potential interdependence. Here, we use data from a global network of grassland experiments to determine how turnover responses to two major forms of environmental change – fertilisation and herbivore loss – are affected by species pool size and spatial compositional heterogeneity. Fertilisation led to higher rates of local extinction, whereas turnover in herbivore exclusion plots was driven by species replacement. Overall, sites with more spatially heterogeneous composition showed significantly higher rates of annual turnover, independent of species pool size and treatment. Taking into account spatial biodiversity aspects will therefore improve our understanding of consequences of global and anthropogenic change on community dynamics.
1 aHodapp, Dorothee1 aBorer, E.T.1 aHarpole, Stanley1 aLind, Eric, M.1 aSeabloom, Eric, W.1 aAdler, P.1 aAlberti, J.1 aArnillas, Carlos, A.1 aBakker, J.D.1 aBiederman, L.A.1 aCadotte, Marc1 aCleland, Elsa, E.1 aCollins, Scott., L.1 aFay, Philip, A.1 aFirn, Jennifer1 aHagenah, Nicole1 aHautier, Yann1 aIribarne, Oscar1 aKnops, Johannes, M. H.1 aMcCulley, Rebecca, L.1 aMacDougall, Andrew1 aMoore, Joslin, L.1 aMorgan, J.W.1 aMortensen, Brent1 aLa Pierre, Kimberly, J.1 aRisch, Anita, C.1 aSchütz, Martin1 aPeri, Pablo1 aStevens, Carly, J.1 aWright, Justin1 aHillebrand, Helmut1 aGurevitch, Jessica uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/ele.1310203000nas a2200421 4500008004100000245011500041210006900156300001400225490000700239520171000246100002101956700001901977700001901996700001902015700001402034700001602048700002002064700002002084700001802104700002302122700002702145700002302172700002502195700002202220700002602242700001802268700002002286700001902306700002802325700002202353700001702375700002402392700002102416700002002437700002302457700001802480856008002498 2017 eng d00aOut of the shadows: multiple nutrient limitations drive relationships among biomass, light and plant diversity0 aOut of the shadows multiple nutrient limitations drive relations a1839-18460 v313 a