02358nas a2200265 4500008004100000245007900041210006900120300001300189490000800202520160700210653001201817653001201829653001501841653001801856653001701874653001801891653002001909100001701929700001801946700001701964700001901981700001602000700001702016856005902033 2008 eng d00aGeographic patterns of song similarity in the Dickcissel (Spiza americana)0 aGeographic patterns of song similarity in the Dickcissel Spiza a a953 -9640 v1253 a
Song sharing among neighboring males is a well-known, frequent outcome of song learning in oscine passerines and some other groups, but only limited investigations of the spatial scale of this phenomenon have been pursued. On the basis of recordings of 1,043 individuals, we investigated song sharing in Dickcissels (Spiza americana) at local and regional scales at sites from northern Kansas to northern Oklahoma. Classification of song elements revealed decreasing song similarity with increasing distances between individual birds at small to intermediate scales, to ~10 km. At the largest spatial scales (10–300 km between sites), there was very little similarity among sites and no obvious tendency for a decrease in similarity with increasing distances among our 30 sites. At our intensively sampled site, analyses of quantitative measurements showed that, at least for our most widely shared song element, frequency and duration were more similar in closer birds. Thus, distance between birds influences both quantitative and qualitative song similarity in Dickcissels. Variability existed among sites in the shape of the song-sharing decay curve, which indicates that other factors besides distance also govern song-sharing patterns. We found high repeatability of individual songs for both second-year (SY) and after-second-year (ASY) males throughout the season, and high conformity to the local song neighborhood in both SY and ASY males from their first recording soon after arrival in May. Returning ASY males sang the same song they had produced the previous breeding season.
10aculture10adialect10aDickcissel10aPasseriformes10asong sharing10aspatial scale10aSpiza americana1 aSchook, D.M.1 aCollins, M.D.1 aJensen, W.E.1 aWilliams, P.J.1 aBader, N.E.1 aParker, T.H. uhttps://academic.oup.com/auk/article/125/4/953/514817002302nas a2200229 4500008004100000245009000041210006900131300001300200490000700213520153200220653001701752653002501769653001801794653002101812653003201833653001901865653001701884100001901901700001701920700002101937856011401958 2006 eng d00aNest desertion bya cowbird host: an anti-parasite behavior or a response to egg loss?0 aNest desertion bya cowbird host an antiparasite behavior or a re a917 -9240 v173 aNatural selection can favor songbirds that desert nests containing eggs of the parasitic brown-headed cowbird (Molothrus ater). However, the high variability in desertion of parasitized nests within species is perplexing in light of the typically high costs of parasitism. Because nest desertion can also be a response to partial clutch predation, we first asked if Bell's vireos (Vireo bellii) deserted nests in response to the presence of cowbird eggs (antiparasite response hypothesis) or to egg removal by predators and female cowbirds (egg predation hypothesis). Second, we asked whether variation in nest desertion was due to intrinsic differences among individuals or to variation in nest contents. We monitored a large number of nests (n = 494) and performed a clutch manipulation experiment to test these hypotheses. The number of vireo eggs that remained in a nest was a strong predictor of desertion both within and among pairs. Neither the presence of a single cowbird egg, which leads to nest failure for this host, nor the number of cowbird eggs received in a vireo nest influenced nest desertion. Furthermore, vireos did not desert experimental nests when we immediately exchanged cowbird eggs for vireo eggs but deserted if we removed vireo eggs and replaced them with cowbird eggs the following morning. Desertion of parasitized nests by Bell's vireos can be almost entirely explained as a response to partial or complete clutch loss and does not appear to have been altered by selection from brood parasitism.10aBell's Vireo10abrown-headed cowbird10aegg predation10aevolutionary lag10ahost–parasite coevolution10aMolothrus ater10aVireo bellii1 aKosciuch, K.L.1 aParker, T.H.1 aSandercock, B.K. uhttp://lter.konza.ksu.edu/content/nest-desertion-bya-cowbird-host-anti-parasite-behavior-or-response-egg-loss01502nas a2200133 4500008004100000245009100041210006900132300001100201490000600212520100200218100001701220700001701237856011401254 2002 eng d00aBiogeographic variation in nest placement: a case study with conservation implications0 aBiogeographic variation in nest placement a case study with cons a11 -200 v83 aLocal habitat characteristics are often used to describe a species’ niche despite the fact that habitat use can vary across the geographical range. We sought to quantify variation in habitat preferences by asking how nesting habit varies within and between populations of Bell’s vireo (Vireo bellii) across its geographical range. Analyses of detailed nest placement data from three localities (Kansas, eastern New Mexico and western New Mexico) showed a general trend towards use of dense vegetation. However, there was substantial variation in nest placement and vegetation at nest sites between localities. Furthermore, a review of nest placement data from the literature shows strong differences in nest heights and species of trees even between populations less than 100 km apart. We evaluate these results in light of conservation and suggest that to be most effective, habitat conservation plans should be based on data collected at the locality where the population of interest occurs.1 aParody, J.M.1 aParker, T.H. uhttp://lter.konza.ksu.edu/content/biogeographic-variation-nest-placement-case-study-conservation-implications00931nas a2200121 4500008004100000245008900041210006900130300001300199490000800212520053200220100001700752856004000769 1999 eng d00aResponses of Bell's vireos to brood parasitism by the brown-headed cowbird in Kansas0 aResponses of Bells vireos to brood parasitism by the brownheaded a499 -5040 v1113 aI studied patterns of cowbird parasitism and responses to this parasitism by Bell's Vireos (Vireo bellii) in Kansas. Bell's Vireos abandoned parasitized nests at a significantly higher rate than unparasitized nests. Lower probability of brood parasitism later in the season may help make abandonment followed by renesting beneficial. Burial of cowbird eggs by vireos was also observed in several cases. I did not detect a strong relationship between nest site vegetation characteristics and the probability of brood parasitism.1 aParker, T.H. uhttp://www.jstor.org/stable/416413500530nas a2200121 4500008004100000245009300041210006900134260004300203300001000246490001400256100001700270856012100287 1997 eng d00aNest predation and its relationship to nest placement in tallgrass prairie shrub patches0 aNest predation and its relationship to nest placement in tallgra aManhattan, KSbKansas State University a1 -250 vMS Thesis1 aParker, T.H. uhttp://lter.konza.ksu.edu/content/nest-predation-and-its-relationship-nest-placement-tallgrass-prairie-shrub-patches