02155nas a2200229   4500008004100000245009300041210006900134300001300203490000700216520149300223653000901716653001901725653001501744653001301759653001201772653001601784653001501800100001701815700001501832700001601847856006201863       2014                        eng d00aColonization and recovery of invertebrate ecosystem engineers during prairie restoration0 aColonization and recovery of invertebrate ecosystem engineers du  a456 -4640 v223 a<p>Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and earthworms (Oligochaeta) are considered ecosystem engineers because they form biogenic structures in the soil that influence resource supply. The objectives of this study were to quantify recovery dynamics of these invertebrate groups across a chronosequence of restored prairies and elucidate whether changes in the abundance and biomass of ants and earthworms were related to key plant and ecosystem properties. We sampled ants and earthworms from cultivated fields, grasslands restored from 1 to 21 years, and native prairie. Ant abundance and biomass peaked between 5 and 8 years of restoration and abundance was 198 times greater than cultivated fields. Earthworm abundance increased linearly across the chronosequence and became representative of native prairie, but all earthworm populations were dominated by European species. Ant abundance and biomass were positively correlated with plant diversity and plant richness, whereas earthworm abundance biomass was only related to surface litter. These results demonstrate that earthworm abundance increases with time since cessation of cultivation and concomitant with prairie establishment, whereas the abundance and biomass of ants are more related to the structure of restored plant communities than time. The dominance of exotic earthworms in these restorations, coupled with their capacity to alter soil properties and processes may represent novel conditions for grassland development.</p>10aants10achronosequence10aearthworms10aIllinois10aprairie10arestoration10asoil fauna1 aWodika, B.R.1 aBaer, S.G.1 aKlopf, R.P.  uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/rec.1208402817nas a2200337   4500008004100000245014100041210006900182300001500251490000700266520177500273653001202048653001402060653001802074653001602092653001502108653001502123653001802138653001502156653000902171653001402180653002202194653001302216653001502229653001702244100001902261700002002280700001502300700001802315700001702333856012902350       2003                        eng d00aEffects of fire, mowing and fertilization effects on density and biomass of macroinvertebrates in North American tallgrass prairie soils0 aEffects of fire mowing and fertilization effects on density and   a1079 -10930 v353 aThe responses of tallgrass prairie plant communities and ecosystem processes to fire and grazing are well characterized. However, responses of invertebrate consumer groups, and particularly soil-dwelling organisms, to these disturbances are not well known. At Konza Prairie Biological Station, we sampled soil macroinvertebrates in 1994 and 1999 as part of a long-term experiment designed to examine the effects and interactions of annual fire, mowing, and fertilization (N and P) on prairie soil communities and processes. For nearly all taxa, in both years, responses were characterized by significant treatment interactions, but some general patterns were evident. Introduced European earthworms (Aporrectodea spp. and Octolasion spp.) were most abundant in plots where fire was excluded, and the proportion of the total earthworm community consisting of introduced earthworms was greater in unburned, unmowed, and fertilized plots. Nymphs of two Cicada genera were collected (Cicadetta spp. and Tibicen spp.). Cicadetta nymphs were more abundant in burned plots, but mowing reduced their abundance. Tibicen nymphs were collected almost exclusively from unburned plots. Treatment effects on herbivorous beetle larvae (Scarabaeidae, Elateridae, and Curculionidae) were variable, but nutrient additions (N or P) usually resulted in greater densities, whereas mowing usually resulted in lower densities. Our results suggest that departures from historical disturbance regimes (i.e. frequent fire and grazing) may render soils more susceptible to increased numbers of European earthworms, and that interactions between fire, aboveground biomass removal, and vegetation responses affect the structure and composition of invertebrate communities in tallgrass prairie soils.10abiomass10aCicadidae10aCurculionidae10adisturbance10aearthworms10aElateridae10aFertilization10aFertilizer10afire10agrassland10ainsect herbivores10anitrogen10aPhosphorus10aScarabaeidae1 aCallaham, M.A.1 aBlair, John, M.1 aTodd, T.C.1 aKitchen, D.J.1 aWhiles, M.R.  uhttp://lter.konza.ksu.edu/content/effects-fire-mowing-and-fertilization-effects-density-and-biomass-macroinvertebrates-north